Tag: marine-life

Guardians of the Sea: The Fight Against Ocean Pollution 

Artwork by Freya Kotter

By: Freya Kotter, 14, Austria

The ocean is a wonderful place. It is home to a huge number of species and it is crucial that we protect our oceans. If we don’t, it could lead to extinction of many species and creatures that we have not discovered yet, and cause an imbalance of the marine ecosystem. This would also affect us greatly as the ocean contributes to our lives as a whole by stabilising the water cycle and weather patterns, as well as giving us food. 

Plastic waste is a major contributor to loss of life below water as well as life on land. Plastic may be cheap and easy to produce but it takes decades to centuries for it to decay. This has become a real concern. Only 9% of the world’s plastic is recycled (Geyer, Jambeck, and Law, 2017), 12 million tonnes of plastic is dumped into the ocean every year, 8 million pieces of plastic make their way to the ocean every day (Surfers Against Sewage, 2024). Scientists have also warned us that plastics in oceans will triple between 2015 to 2025 (Government Office for Science, 2018). This is a huge problem as this will cause a significant decline in marine life. 

Plastic fishing nets are one of the biggest threats to the marine ecosystem. They are one of the main reasons that so many species die either because they get trapped or mistake it for food. Fishing nets also damage coral reefs and other habitats as they drift off and get caught easily. To protect the environment from these nets we could enforce a law to mark equipment, so if it gets lost and is found they can pay a penalty fee. However, to avoid all this from happening we need to take action and stop using as much plastic. There are already alternatives to plastics like biodegradable plastic made from natural substances like algae. Many conventional plastic wastes end up washing up on shore and pollute the soil, causing some plants to absorb microplastics, making them essentially 1% plastic!  

Other threats to the ocean include overfishing and global warming. Overfishing is sometimes taken too far which can cause the food chain to become less stable and therefore the whole ecosystem suffers. Global warming is another major issue because it causes the oceans to rise and weather patterns to change drastically over a short period of time. This can cause flash floods and the oceans to become more vigorous and erode more land rapidly over a shorter time span. Global warming, plastic waste and overfishing all harm our oceans and present a huge threat to the health of our planet. I think we should try to change our perspective and minimise the impact of our behaviour on our earth.

References

Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017). Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made. Science Advances, 3(7), e1700782. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782

Government Office for Science. (2018). Foresight Future of the Sea A Report from the Government Chief Scientific Adviser. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5afab2f440f0b622e060e2b7/foresight-future-of-the-sea-report.pdf

Surfers Against Sewage. (2024). Plastic pollution: facts & figures. Surfers against Sewage. https://www.sas.org.uk/plastic-pollution/plastic-pollution-facts-figures/

Earth: The Sea-Life

Artwork by Maximus Sanchez Francis

By Liyah Emeson, 13, UK

The SDG 14 (Sustainable Development Goal 14) is about ‘Life under Water’. The goal is “to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development.” In other words, this means that they aim to protect water bodies and to use marine resources in a way that as the world continues to develop, the resources will not be depleted.

The Earth is a beautiful planet with different biomes and species of life. There’s wonderful marine life in the oceans and seas. However, some of these incredible species are becoming endangered due human causes like pollution, overfishing and many more. As a planet, we need to make an effort to preserve aquatic life and, fortunately, there are many ways to do this effectively. Let’s focus on marine pollution.

Marine pollution happens when chemicals and rubbish enter the oceans due to human activities. This pollution is very harmful as it can result in damage to the environment, which affects the health of all living organisms (including humans!) and economic structures across the world.

Marine pollution can be reduced by taking care of beaches and minding our carbon footprints. Simple things like reducing litter at the beach and using fuels that release less carbon can positively impact our waters making it a safe place for aquatic life to live and thrive in.

Nonetheless, marine pollution isn’t the only problem affecting life under water. There are many other factors that affect the oceans and we need to collectively continue to raise awareness of them in order to protect the safety of our waters and ourselves.

Echoes from the Deep

Artwork by Clayden Botes

By: Advika Gupta, 14, India/UAE

Growing up in Mumbai, the Arabian Sea was more than just a backdrop to my life; it was a part of who I was. Family outings to Juhu Beach, school trips exploring coastal biodiversity—it all ingrained in me a deep love for the ocean. But in 2021, that love took on a new urgency. The severe floods that year, which turned the lively streets of Mumbai into rivers, made me realize just how vulnerable our oceans—and by extension, our cities—are to the impacts of climate change. The relentless rain and rising sea levels left us feeling helpless as our home slowly submerged. In that moment, I realized that the ocean’s cry for help wasn’t just something happening far away. It was right here, affecting our lives in ways we could no longer ignore.


Now living in the UAE, I find myself surrounded by a different yet equally fragile marine environment. The crystal-clear waters of the Arabian Gulf have shown me the beauty of marine life but also its peril. I’ve travelled to various places, diving in the coral reefs of the Maldives, witnessing the bleaching of once-vibrant corals, and seeing plastic-choked beaches
in Southeast Asia. Each experience has deepened my resolve to act. The global scope of the problem is undeniable, but it’s the personal encounters with the degradation of these marine ecosystems that have driven me to take action.


Sustainable Development Goal 14, ‘Life Below Water’, is not just an abstract global objective, it’s a call to action that resonates deeply with me. In the UAE, I’ve joined local conservation groups focused on protecting the marine environment. One initiative that’s particularly close to my heart is our effort to restore seagrass meadows along the UAE coast. Seagrasses are often overlooked, but they play a vital role in maintaining healthy marine ecosystems. They provide habitats for marine life, act as carbon sinks, and protect against coastal erosion. Our team has been working to replant these meadows, and seeing them slowly come back to life has been incredibly rewarding.


I’ve also been advocating for the reduction of single-use plastics, organizing clean-up drives along the coastlines, and engaging with local schools to raise awareness about marine conservation. Seeing young students get involved has been incredibly inspiring. Some might wonder, can actions as simple as refusing a plastic straw or joining a beach cleanup really make a difference? But just as a forest begins with the planting of a single tree, these small, local actions are the seeds that can grow into a global movement, I hope. No effort is too small, and each one contributes to the broader fight to protect our oceans and combat the climate crisis.

As I look forward to the Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in Cali, Colombia, in 2024, I carry with me the stories of these places, the memories of these endangered marine ecosystems, and the hope that our collective efforts can turn the tide. Protecting our oceans is a shared responsibility that transcends borders. It’s about ensuring that future generations can experience the same beauty and wonder that I was fortunate enough to witness as a child in Mumbai and now in the UAE. Do you hear the oceans crying out for help? It’s up to us to answer that call with the urgency and compassion it deserves.

Biodiversity in Crisis: Liberating Marine Life

Artwork by Lasya Priya Manala

By: Shubhi Batra, 11, India

Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14), titled “Life Below
Water,” focuses on conserving and sustainably using the
oceans, seas, and marine resources. Oceans cover over 70%
of the Earth’s surface and are critical to sustaining life on the
planet. They regulate the climate, provide food and livelihoods
for billions of people, and house a vast array of biodiversity.
However, human activities such as overfishing, pollution, and
climate change are severely threatening marine ecosystems.
SDG 14 aims to reduce marine pollution, protect marine and
coastal ecosystems, regulate fishing practices, and ensure that
oceans remain healthy and productive. Achieving this goal is
essential for maintaining the balance of marine life, supporting
the livelihoods of those who depend on the oceans, and
ensuring a sustainable future for all.


Some ways biodiversity is severely harmed:

1. Marine Pollution 

Plastic Pollution: Oceans are  filled with millions of tons of  plastic waste each year, which harms marine life and ecosystems. Marine animals, like turtles, fish, and seabirds, often ingest or become entangled in plastic  debris, leading to injury or death. 

Chemical Pollution: Industrial  waste, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage, introduce harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals  and pesticides, into marine environments. These pollutants can cause  severe damage to marine species and disrupt entire ecosystems. 

2. Overfishing and Sustainable Fishing 

Overfishing: The depletion of fish stocks due to overfishing  threatens food security, livelihoods, and the balance of marine ecosystems. Many fish species are harvested at rates faster than they  can reproduce, leading to population declines.

Sustainable Fishing: Implementing sustainable fishing practices involves  setting catch limits, protecting endangered species, and using methods that minimize bycatch (the capture of unintended species). Sustainable fisheries management ensures the long term viability of fish populations and marine ecosystems. 

3. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) 

Importance of MPAs: Establishing Marine Protected Areas is  crucial for conserving marine biodiversity. MPAs restrict human  activities in designated regions, to protect vulnerable species and  habitats,allowing ecosystems to recover and thrive. 

Global Targets: SDG 14 aims to increase the coverage of MPAs, by setting a target to conserve at least 10% of coastal and marine areas by 2030. These areas serve as safe havens for marine life, helping to maintain  healthy oceans.

The Mysterious Case of the Missing Marine Life

Artwork by Aqif Shairazee Abdul Rashid bin Othman

By: Deepesh Ayyapparaj, 12, India

Imagine a world where the ocean’s majesty is diminished, its vibrancy dulled, and its songs silenced. This is the reality we face if we don’t act to protect our planet’s marine life. This is the alarming reality we face today, a mystery of missing marine life unraveling before our eyes. But like any good mystery, there are clues and suspects, and with careful detective work, we can solve this case and restore the health of our oceans.


The Whodunit: Identifying the Culprits
The culprits in this mystery are not hidden villains; they are well-known to us, and they operate in plain sight. Climate change, pollution, and overfishing are the prime suspects in the disappearance of marine species. Rising ocean temperatures and acidification are altering habitats, making it difficult for creatures to survive. Pollution from plastics, chemicals, and agricultural runoff chokes our waters, harming marine life. Overfishing and destructive fishing practices deplete fish populations, disrupting the delicate balance of the ocean’s ecosystem.

The Detective Work
But there’s hope! By investigating our own impact on the ocean and making changes, we can crack the case of the missing marine life. We can reduce our carbon footprint, choose sustainable seafood options, and support conservation efforts. Community clean-ups, campaigns against single-use plastics, and advocacy for stronger environmental policies are all part of the detective work needed to solve this case.

The Verdict
The disappearance of marine life is a direct result of human activity. However, the verdict is not yet final, and we have the power to change it. By making conscious choices and advocating for the protection of our oceans, we can ensure that the verdict is one of hope and restoration. Let’s work together to bring the ocean back to life, hear its songs once more, and witness its majestic creatures’ return. The ocean is our shared heritage, and it is up to us to protect it.

Empowering Youth to Protect and Preserve Life Below Water

Artwork by Adeena Asif Mukadam

By: Adeena Asif Mukadam, 13, UAE

SDG Goal 14, “Life Below Water,” is about taking care of our oceans and seas. As a 13-year-old student from Year 8 at GEMS Cambridge School in Sharjah, UAE, I have seen firsthand how important it is to protect our oceans. I have been volunteering to clean up beaches and doing my part to make the ocean cleaner and safer for all the creatures that live there.


When I first started volunteering for beach cleanups, I was shocked by how much trash ends up in the ocean. Plastic bottles, bags, and even old fishing nets can be found tangled up on the shore. It made me realize that every little bit of trash we throw away can eventually harm marine life. That’s why I have made it my mission to keep raising awareness about ocean pollution in my school by creating posters and artwork. I have organized talks and activities to show my classmates why it’s so important to protect our oceans and how they can help.

One big part of this goal is to stop pollution in the oceans. As you can see in the artwork, a lot of plastic and other trash ends up in the water, hurting animals and even getting into the food we eat. The goal is to make sure we cut down on the amount of trash going into the ocean by 2025. This means everyone needs to work together to keep the oceans clean and safe. Through my experience, I have learned that protecting our oceans is not just about picking up trash – it’s about changing how we think and act. We need to be more careful about how we use plastic and make sure we recycle properly. I have also encouraged my friends and family to join beach cleanups and think twice before using single-use plastics.

Another part of the goal is about fishing. Overfishing is when people catch too many fish too quickly, which can make some kinds of fish disappear. SDG 14 wants to make sure that people fish in a way that doesn’t harm the fish populations. This means using better fishing practices and stopping illegal fishing so that there are always enough fish for everyone. Every small action we take can make a big difference.

Lastly, the goal is also about protecting places like coral reefs and mangroves that are home to many sea creatures. These places are in danger because of things like climate change and pollution. By protecting these areas and making sure they stay healthy, we can help the animals and plants that live in the ocean. In conclusion, SDG Goal 14 is about making sure our oceans stay healthy for the future. By volunteering, spreading awareness, and making smarter choices, we can all contribute to this important goal. I am proud to be doing my part, and I will keep working to ensure our oceans remain clean and full of life.